Sensitivity analysis of the environmental sustainability of a biorefinery with activated carbon substitution

Sensitivity analysis of the environmental sustainability of a biorefinery with activated carbon substitution

Authors

  • Alejandra Gabriela Yáñez Vergara Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav). https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1185-9738
  • Héctor Mario Poggi Varaldo Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav) , Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-9945
  • América Padilla Viveros Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Programa Transdisciplinario en Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico para la Sociedad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3438-4463

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56643/rcia.v5i1.247

Keywords:

environmental sustainability indices, life cycle assessment, plant-based activated carbon

Abstract

The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a biorefinery (BRF) determined that using fossil activated carbon (FAC) in the bionanobioparticles production stage carries a high impact in terms of ecotoxicity and toxicity. This work proposes improvements to the environmental sustainability of the BRF and, for the first time, presents a quantitative analysis of ES to reduce its environmental impacts. The objective was to evaluate the environmental sustainability of replacing FAC with activated carbon (AC) in the GBAER (HMZS-NN) BRF using LCA and environmental sustainability metrics, and to determine whether the potential environmental impacts decreased. The life cycle inventory (LCI) was based on the SimaPro proxy "Activated carbon, granular {RoW} | activated carbon production | Cut-off, U". It was compared with an LCI of AC taken from the literature. Environmental impacts were assessed using the ReCiPe(H) midpoint 2016 method. The results show that most significant  reduction in environmental impacts was for the BRF-CAV system, primarily for freshwater eutrophication (48.3%), non-carcinogenic toxicity to humans (44.9%), freshwater ecotoxicity (37.9%), and marine ecotoxicity (40.5%). The latter was the most significant reduction, from 14 to 8 person-years per functional unit (FU). The total normalized potential environmental impacts of the BRF system with CAF substitution for CAV were reduced from 41 to 27 person-years per FU, indicating that the use of CAV significantly improved the sustainability of the BRF system.

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Published

2026-06-15

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How to Cite

Yáñez Vergara, A. G., Poggi Varaldo, H. M. ., & Padilla Viveros, A. (2026). Sensitivity analysis of the environmental sustainability of a biorefinery with activated carbon substitution: Sensitivity analysis of the environmental sustainability of a biorefinery with activated carbon substitution. Revista Científica De Ingenierías Y Arquitectura, 5(1), 120-138. https://doi.org/10.56643/rcia.v5i1.247

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